{"id":39981,"date":"2019-04-26T04:19:00","date_gmt":"2019-04-26T04:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greatitalianfoodtrade.it\/?p=39981"},"modified":"2025-11-03T10:06:10","modified_gmt":"2025-11-03T09:06:10","slug":"dieta-mediterranea-primo-studio-preclinico-a-lungo-termine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.foodtimes.eu\/it\/consumatori-e-salute\/dieta-mediterranea-primo-studio-preclinico-a-lungo-termine\/","title":{"rendered":"Dieta mediterranea, primo studio preclinico a lungo termine"},"content":{"rendered":"

La\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>dieta mediterranea<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0protegge da\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>diabete<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0e sindrome del \u00a0fegato grasso.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>E a\u00a0parit\u00e0 di calorie – messa a\u00a0confronto con la \u2018<\/span><\/span><\/span>Western diet<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2019, ricca in zuccheri e grassi saturi – soddisfa\u00a0l’appetito senza fare ingrassare. \u00c8 quanto dimostra il primo studio preclinico condotto sul lungo termine.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Uno studio a lungo termine<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

La ricerca<\/b>\u00a0della\u00a0Wake Forest School of Medicine<\/i>\u00a0\u00e8 peculiare per il metodo adottato. La gran parte degli studi sui benefici della dieta mediterranea sono invero basati sull’autosomministrazione. Vale a dire, sui consumi alimentari dichiarati dai soggetti che partecipano alla sperimentazione e il monitoraggio delle funzioni che si intende misurare. Mediante esami del sangue, ecografie e altri test diagnostici.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

I macachi<\/b>, che condividono con l\u2019uomo il 99% circa del patrimonio genetico, sono i protagonisti di questo studio. (1)\u00a038 primati\u00a0di\u00a0sesso femminile di mezza et\u00e0 (et\u00e0 media 9 anni) hanno partecipato a una\u00a0sperimentazione durata complessivamente 38 mesi.\u00a0Alimentazione identica nei\u00a0primi 7 mesi, al fine di allineare le condizioni di salute dei partecipanti in termini di indice di massa corporea e tenori ematici dei trigliceridi. Nel periodo successivo (31 mesi, che\u00a0equivalgono a 8-12 anni di vita per un essere umano),\u00a0i primati sono poi stati sottoposti a una dieta differenziata.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c8 il primo\u00a0<\/b>studio preclinico<\/b>, secondo i ricercatori, in cui gli effetti a lungo termine della dieta mediterranea sull’obesit\u00e0 e le malattie correlate vengono misurati in condizioni sperimentali controllate. Con un unico limite, rappresentato dall\u2019esiguit\u00e0 del campione.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

‘Med’<\/b>\u00a0batte ‘<\/b>West’<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/h4>\n

Le due diete sperimentali<\/b>\u00a0sono state elaborate dai ricercatori con l’obiettivo di replicare i modelli umani di consumo, offrendo a ciascun gruppo lo stesso apporto energetico (kcal\/die) e identiche quantit\u00e0 di macronutrienti (proteine, grassi e carboidrati).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La\u00a0<\/b>dieta occidentale<\/b>, \u2018<\/b>West<\/b><\/i>\u2019<\/b>, ha seguito lo \u2018stile americano\u2019, in linea con i consumi medi\u00a0indicati dal Dipartimento dell’Agricoltura degli Stati Uniti per le\u00a0donne in et\u00e0 40-49. Uno stile essenzialmente\u00a0basato su proteine e grassi di origine animale, con prevalenza di grassi saturi su\u00a0acidi grassi monoinsaturi e Omega-3.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La dieta mediterranea, \u2018<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>Med<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>,\u00a0\u00e8 stata invece composta in modo da\u00a0‘<\/span><\/span><\/span>imitare aspetti chiave della dieta mediterranea<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>‘. Proteine e grassi in prevalenza di origine vegetale, proteine da pesce e latticini, buone dosi di\u00a0acidi grassi monoinsaturi e Omega-3, molti carboidrati complessi e fibre, quantit\u00e0 ridotte di sodio e zuccheri semplici.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dieta mediterranea contro il fegato grasso<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

Al termine della sperimentazione,<\/b>\u00a0i primati nutriti con la dieta \u2018West<\/i>\u2019 hanno accumulato pi\u00f9 grasso corporeo, peggiorato i livelli di trigliceridi e le condizioni epatiche, a raffronto con quelli sottoposti alla dieta \u2018Med<\/i>\u2019. Tali evidenze, secondo i ricercatori, attestano l’efficacia della dieta mediterranea – la quale, si ricorda, va integrata con l\u2019esercizio fisico – anche nel proteggere dalla steatosi epatica non alcolica (Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease,\u00a0<\/i>NAFLD), nota anche come ‘sindrome del fegato grasso’. Una patologia grave e diffusa, che spesso si associa all’obesit\u00e0 e pu\u00f2 condurre a gravi patologie come cirrosi epatica e tumore al fegato, esigenze di trapianto.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La dieta occidentale<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>, ricca in zuccheri e grassi saturi, favorisce l’insorgenza di alterazioni epatiche,\u00a0Tra i maggiori indiziati, secondo\u00a0recenti pubblicazioni scientifiche, gli zuccheri aggiunti\u00a0e l\u2019acido palmitico da olio di palma<\/span><\/span><\/span>. Oltrech\u00e9, in termini pi\u00f9 generali,\u00a0gli alimenti ultra-processati\u00a0e le carenze\u00a0di fibre alimentari.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Lo studio<\/b>\u00a0‘Mediterranean versus Western Diet Effects on Caloric Intake, Obesity, Metabolism, and Hepatosteatosis in Nonhuman Primates<\/i>‘, pubblicato il 23.4.19 sulla rivista \u2018Obesity<\/i>\u2019, \u00e8 disponibile gratuitamente nel suo testo\u00a0integrale.\u00a0(2)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Marta Strinati<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Note<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(1) Derek E. Wildman et al. (2003). \u2018<\/span><\/span><\/span>Implications of natural selection in shaping 99.4% nonsynonymous DNA identity between humans and chimpanzees: enlarging genus Homo.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u2019\u00a0Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jun 10; 100(12):<\/span><\/span><\/span>7181\u20137188<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>.\u00a0doi:10.1073\/pnas.1232172100<\/a><\/u><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(2)\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>Carol A. Shively et al.\u00a0(2019). \u2018<\/span><\/span><\/span>Mediterranean versus Western Diet Effects on Caloric Intake, Obesity, Metabolism, and Hepatosteatosis in Nonhuman Primates\u2019.\u00a0<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/oby.22436<\/a>,\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span>https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/oby.22436<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La\u00a0dieta mediterranea\u00a0protegge da\u00a0diabete\u00a0e sindrome del \u00a0fegato grasso.\u00a0E a\u00a0parit\u00e0 di calorie – messa a\u00a0confronto con la \u2018Western diet\u2019, ricca in zuccheri e grassi saturi – soddisfa\u00a0l’appetito senza fare ingrassare. \u00c8 quanto dimostra il primo studio preclinico condotto sul lungo termine. Uno studio a lungo termine La ricerca\u00a0della\u00a0Wake Forest School of Medicine\u00a0\u00e8 peculiare per il metodo adottato. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":77,"featured_media":39983,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1991],"tags":[333,28,2264,2265,2266,31,2267],"class_list":{"0":"post-39981","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-consumatori-e-salute","8":"tag-diabete","9":"tag-dieta-mediterranea","10":"tag-dieta-occidentale","11":"tag-fegato-grasso","12":"tag-nafld","13":"tag-olio-di-palma","14":"tag-studio-preclinico"},"yoast_head":"\nDieta mediterranea, primo studio preclinico a lungo termine - FoodTimes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.foodtimes.eu\/it\/consumatori-e-salute\/dieta-mediterranea-primo-studio-preclinico-a-lungo-termine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"it_IT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dieta mediterranea, primo studio preclinico a lungo termine - FoodTimes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La\u00a0dieta mediterranea\u00a0protegge da\u00a0diabete\u00a0e sindrome del \u00a0fegato grasso.\u00a0E a\u00a0parit\u00e0 di calorie – messa a\u00a0confronto con la \u2018Western diet\u2019, ricca in zuccheri e grassi saturi – soddisfa\u00a0l’appetito senza fare ingrassare. \u00c8 quanto dimostra il primo studio preclinico condotto sul lungo termine. 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Uno studio a lungo termine La ricerca\u00a0della\u00a0Wake Forest School of Medicine\u00a0\u00e8 peculiare per il metodo adottato. 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